The Effectiveness of The Bank of England Policies in Overcoming the Essay

The Effectiveness of The Bank of England Policies in Overcoming the Crisis - Essay Example This essay offers a comprehensive analysis of activities, that the Bank of England realizes to manage the inflation, with a focus on effectiveness of the Quantitative Easing Programme, which is among the mechanisms applied by the bank to stabilize the economy. It is argued in the paper, that the use of the Quantitative Easing of may cause higher inflation in future. The BOE applies both monetary policy and Quantitative Easing mechanism as the inflation management tools, to ensure that the inflation level does not surpass the lower or the higher limits as predetermined. The concept of inflation refers to a situation where there is a general rise in the prices of goods and services in an economy, within a specified period of time. Monetary policy refers to a mechanism applied to reduce the inflation rate, through the BoE introducing a period of higher interest rates, which targets to reduce both the consumer and the investment spending, and thus lower the quantity of money that is circulating in the economy. The Quantitative Easing mechanism is an unconventional method of managing inflation, which is applied under circumstances where the monetary policy does not generate the desired effect, in enhancing the stability of the economy The risks associated with the Quantitative Easing mechanism is its potential to cause future inflation, through capital flights and the stagnancy of production of goods and services, since the mechanism does not affect the interest rates, which in turn determines the production in the economy. ... In doing this, the Bank of England applies various mechanisms, which include: Monetary policy This refers to a mechanism applied to reduce the inflation rate, through the Bank of England introducing a period of higher interest rates, which targets to reduce both the consumer and the investment spending in the economy, and thus lower the quantity of money that is circulating in the economy (Griffiths & Wall, 2007 p22). This way, the general prices of goods and services in the economy will be lowered, considering that there would be less money in the economy, which cannot support the higher prices. The change of the official interest rate by the Bank of England is applied in the situation where the amount of money that is being spent in the economy has grown at a higher rate, compared to the volume of the output produced, in terms of the goods and services (Qfinance, 2009 p249). Thus, the Bank of England sets an interest rate, at which it lends to the other financial institutions withi n the UK, which in turn affects the interest rates at which such financial institutions, which include the commercial banks, the building societies or the insurance companies, will attach to their loans and mortgages, which they advance to their customers. In addition, the change in the interest rates also affects the prices of other financial assets such as the shares and the bonds, while also influencing the exchange of the country’s currency against those of other countries (Mishkin, 2010, p77). All these changes serve to influence the demand by consumers and businesses, thus affecting the spending that such consumers and businesses make in

SPA Management Business Plan Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

SPA Management Business Plan - Term Paper Example Location and Floor Plan 24 5.5. Equipment 25 5.6. Inventory 25 5.7. Technology 26 5.8. Customer service 26 6. Personal Financial Statement 26 6.1. Personal Financial Statement 27 6.2. Start-up Expenses and Capitalisation 27 6.3. Financial Objectives 28 6.4. Balance sheet forecast 29 6.5. The profit and loss forecast 30 6.6. Expected cash flow 31 6.7. Break Even analysis 32 Reference 33 Bibliography 35 2. Executive Summary SoulConcord aims to be the premier spa salon in Los Angeles, California. The company is determined to offer a unique combination of offered services and products to offer the customers a luxury experience. The company would carry out intensive marketing and promotional activities to quickly gain market share. SoulConcord would provide customers with a relaxing, rejuvenating atmosphere where the products and services can satisfy all their mind and body requirements. The business would be set up with a management team including Myriam Maier, Yves-Jerome Ludwigs and Gi an Matteo Mannering. At the first year, the company may face certain difficulties. However, in the coming years, it is determined to make a huge success. 3. The Business 3.1. Business Description In the contemporary society, spa is turning out as part of day to day life. One can notice, spa is mushrooming at a faster rate even in the suburbs and thus the spa industry is growing at a healthy rate throughout the world. As the concept of spa is quite new, often people misunderstood it with other non-spa businesses like beauty salons, massage services offered in hotels and clinics. Therefore, the misconcept of people regarding spa can be minimised with help of a clear cut definition. Spa can be defined as â€Å"a business offering spa treatments based on authentic water-based therapies which are practices by qualified personnel in a professional and relaxing environment (Cohen & Bodeker, 2008, p.55). It is quite hard to find out origin of spa industry but as per the experts, use of min eral springs and thermal mud was part of the first civilization development on the Earth. With time, the concept of different forms of baths got attached with religious ceremonies, hygiene and beauty. Among the ancient spa baths, those of the Roman Empire were the most famous ones. These social baths were part of the culture and a mean of hygiene. In Roman culture, large hydrotherapy and garrisons were built near to hot springs. These places were used by the soldiers to heel their battle wounds. However, the prevailing spa industry has its origin in Europe during 18th – 19th century when people started using water therapy for rheumatic and respiration disorders. At that time spas were specifically made in mountain towns so that the visitors can enjoy spectacular views along with fresh air and water treatments. The modern spas are also based on hydrotherapy principles that use thermal pools, different types of massage and mud bath for therapeutic use (Williams, 2006, p.4-5). T he concept of therapeutic use of mineral water was well known to the Native American. The spa industry was commercialised in 1790 when Saratoga Hot Spring in Wyoming was opened for commercial use. Another major development in the spa industry was International Spa Association (ISPA) founded in 1991. The goal of this association is to develop networking among international professional spa associations, educate them, formulate policies & standards, provide required resources and build coalition throughout the world. Figure 1: Ten Elements of Spa

Antivirus Is Protective Software Computer Science Essay

Antivirus Is Protective Software Computer Science Essay Antivirus is protective software designed for protecting your computers system smart cell phones against Virus, Trojans Hijackers etc. These all Viruses, Trojans Win32 etc are called Malicious Software in computer world. All Antivirus software run in the background at all times to protect defense your computers system smart cell phones some antivirus are automatically updated through internet some antivirus are needs manual updated through internet to protect your systems against Malicious software. Introduction: Antivirus software provides an many essential layer for multitude of the Virus, win32, Trojans worm etc. The first document removal of the computer viruses was written by Bernd Fix. There are two types antivirus application in the computer world so that the time of the Atari ST platform designed in 1987 the first one was G Data second was UVK 2000 made by Bernd Fix in 1987.The word Antivirus is come from the word Antibiotic which means implies combat with an invading force of the programs. Fred Cohen designed the strategies relative to an Antivirus software program in 1988 to solve the virus problems. The old previews years Antivirus software are not so good because those software only detected the Virus Spyware etc remove it from your computers system damage your some operating system files inside your computers now AntiVirus software much better than old ones because it detected the virus remove it without deleting your operating system files inside your computers it als o fight against new malicious software which come from internet network. Well in the preview years Antivirus software are not completely free downloadable on the internet means you could only find some antivirus software with trial version now Antivirus software are completely free download without trial version . New Antivirus also checked the incoming outgoing mail, email attachments etc. It also have internet security for internet threats. Advantages and Disadvantages: Antivirus software is very useful in the preventing, controlling, virus many more viruses program, which can damage the computers components from inside operating system files to. Antivirus software are used for the methodologies for searching killing Viruses some of the well knows patterns of computer data programs. Antivirus programs are very effective against the viruses program, whose is the biggest threat for your computer systems. Antivirus program has some limitations drawbacks on the other hand, which effect on the computer system performance. In the computer world, inexperienced users can have many problems with the antivirus programs or software such as inabilities to understand, threats of the software success of the antivirus programs software are dependent on the ability of the user to understand Or knowing the right kind of balance between the positives negatives things in the computer world. Antivirus software or programs can cause problems during the installation window in the computer system or upgrade the Windows Service packs in the computer system. Antivirus software can be hampered some few software programs because it used it own firewall to block application to store in the computer system. e.g. True Crypt. Some Antivirus program will not knowing by the policy assessment before make it own policy when it install in the computer system. There are three major types of detection which is used to identify the potential threats in the computer system such as: Signature based, Heuristic based File emulation method. Signature based detection: In this method, you can identify the viruses malware virus software. Antivirus software can also compare the content files of the computer system to dictionary files of virus signatures because viruses are embed into themselves in the files shape or in pieces shape to infect the computers. Heuristic based detection: In this method, you can only detect malicious activity relative to viruses identify unknown viruses in the computer system. File emulation: In this method, it has using the heuristic type approach which it executing the program in a virtual environment which effect the action of the program performs it also carries out the disinfection actions relative to the programs which run in the computer. What is a Virus? Viruses are the category of malicious program code software, viruses are used for attempted to breach security value break them damage data of the computer system display unwelcome messages on the display screen when the antivirus program for gabbing user passwords on a networks are called LOGIN.EXE. These real LOGIN.EXE programs which have intruder or infect the user programs are called Trojan Horses when viruses program fall into the Trojans category than these viruses program have the ability to reproduce themselves again again until users computer systems slow down performance processing to any application it infected the your operating system . Why Do Viruses Exist? Now-a-days every computer virus programs are written by someone who wanted it to infect damage other peoples computer systems smart cell phones our world. So these Viruses program coding pass from computer to other computers system these viruses may be not have direct effect on the some computers but it affects on the other resources like(Disk space Memory) thats why these viruses are harmful it coding are very complex it also contain some serious bugs which damages the computer system pretty badly. How do I know if I have a virus want to protect my computer systems? If the someone computer systems are very running slower, freezing it displaying error messages again again than you should have the viruses in yours computers or operating system than u must install Antivirus software scan your computer system with latest internet updated of the Antivirus programs security to clear your computer with viruses. How did I get this horrible viruses on my computer system or operating system? Computer systems can be infected by viruses because: User using the Internet without having the latest updates of the Antivirus programs security installed into your operating system. User using the Internet without having a working firewall on the operating system or Antivirus software. User who opening the email attachments without knowing that whos will send him or her. User visiting unreliable website pages than viruses automatically stored into your computer because these website pages contains the infected viruses programs. How do I get rid of the virus? To get rid of the Viruses you should used latest Antivirus software or latest Antivirus program security updates now-a-days many new Antivirus software are able on the Internet free cost with one yeas updates free e.g. Norton Antivirus, McAfee Antivirus Kaspersky Antivirus etc. What are types of Virus in the computer world? There are several types of viruses in the world which your computers your operating systems for examples: Worms, Trojan horses, Logic bombs, Mutated viruses, Polymorphic viruses, Bounty hunters, Boot sector viruses Macro viruses etc. Worms: Worms Viruses are used to spread over a network of the internet hacks the computer system or operating system which connects with internet networks. Trojan horses: Trojans viruses are used to create a security hole in the computer programs or operating system infected the system files inside. Logic bombs: Logic bombs viruses are used to trigger the specific event means computer systems date programs of remote activation etc. Mutated viruses: Mutated viruses are used to rewritten by hacker users to change the behavior or signature of the programs made the multiple versions of the same viruses that infected the computer programs or operating system. So these viruses are also called variants. Polymorphic viruses: Viruses which are used to automatically change their appearance, like a chameleon by giving the virus a signature of the programs in encrypt-decrypt function so virus can only be recognize its own signature of the program. This kind of virus is called Polymorphic viruses. Bounty hunters: Bounty hunters viruses are used to modify signature program stored by Antivirus program in order to render them inoperable in the operating system. Boot sector viruses: A boot sector viruses are used to infecting the boot sector of a hard drive of the computer system.(just like MBR Master boot record) it also have infected the speed of the processer. Macro viruses: Viruses which came from email, email attachments etc to damage the operating system or hack the computer system . What is Firewall Spyware? Firewall: Firewall is software or program which have security tool to help limit internet network traffic with hackers or viruses to getting in your computer system. Firewall helped protects your computer from future hackers new incoming viruses. Spyware: Spyware are used to a multitude of malicious software programs which access your computer system. When Spyware viruses infect your computer system or operating system than it will slow down your operating system speed performance your computer system going to hang again again. Issues relative with the Antivirus software: Unexpected renewal costs: Some of the commercial antivirus software which includes end-user license agreements which effect on the subscription automatically renewed it, cost so much which you not expected. False positives: Antivirus software can used to identify non-malicious files which having the viruses so that it will be cause serious problems for the computer system because false positive make operating system files very unstable because of the viruses. System interoperability related issues: When the multiple antivirus programs running on the computer or operating system than it will degrade the performance of the operating system create conflicts in every programs running on the operating system. So this concept is called Multiscanning If the functionality of the few software programs can be hampered by the active antivirus software on the operating system. Effectiveness: The effectiveness of antivirus programs have been decreased in the previews year because of new good Antivirus software launch on the markets computer threat going dropped from 40-50% to 20-30% in this preview year. Rootkits: Rootkits are major challenge for antivirus programs on the operating system it had admin area access to the system to control, invisible hidden the EXE from the running processes of the task manager on the computer system. What is Cloud antivirus method? Cloud antivirus method is a technology that used the lightweight agent software to protect the computer system or operating system it also used for analysis the data with providers infrastructure. To implement this Cloud antivirus method we used the multiple antivirus engines which scanning suspicious files from the operating system this concept is called Cloud AV. Cloud AV was designed to send programs on the internet network where detection programs are used to improve the detection rates with multiple antivirus behavioral on the internet network. Online Scanning: Some of the Antivirus provides maintain of websites with free online scanning on the internet with the entire computer such as like local disks, critical area files relative to the computer systems. Well as you know that internet becomes the vehicle for communication in this world people using digital communication on the internet with very fast speed scope so that new kinds of viruses are increasing spread all over the world of the internet network. If someone will not want to install antivirus on his or her computer than he or she can easily scan his or her computer online this is quickly possible solution. What do u means by the birth rate death rate of the viruses? The Birth rate of the viruses: The birth rate of the viruses depends upon the one infected computer system or operating system which can spread this infection to other computer system or operating system. The Death rate of the viruses: The death rates of the viruses depend upon the infection found on the computer system or operating system destroy that computer system.

Gullivers Travels - Satire :: Gullivers Travels Essays

Gulliver's Travels - Satire Gulliver's Travels was written during an era of change known as the Reformation Period. The way this book is written suggests some of the political themes from that time period, including the well-known satire. These themes are displayed throughout Gulliver's Travels, and even sometimes reflect upon today's society. Many things in the book Gulliver's Travels prove that it was set in the Restoration Period. Some of the ways you can tell this are: the clothing, the speech, the governments, and of course, the lack of technology. But these things do not prove that the book was written in the Restoration Era. Any writer from any time period after the Reformation Period could write a book similar to Gulliver's Travels, which was set in the Reformation Period. What sets Swift's masterpiece apart and actually proves it was written in the time when many things were changing is the use of satire and political ideas relating to the era. One of the forms of political satire is embodied in the first culture that is met by Gulliver. The Lilliputians are the embodiment of England of the time period. The Lilliputians are small people who control Gulliver through means of threats. "...when in an instant I felt above a hundred arrows discharged into my left hand, which pricked my like so many needles; and besides they shot another flight into the air, as we do bombs in Europe" (Swift, 24). England was a small country that had Europe (represented by Gulliver) and many other parts of the world under their control. This example of comparing the political situation in Europe at the time to the story is further demonstrated by using Gulliver against the Blefescan nation, much like a European nation would use a political ally. Another way that Swift uses satire against the society of the time is through the medium of science. During the Reformation period, people were beginning to questions superstitions and theories by using science to explain things. The most famous of these explanations was when Halley discovered that a comet (later named for him) made a predictable orbit around the sun. During the voyage to Laputa, Gulliver commends the Laputians on their study of comets, even saying that ".

Metamorphosis” and “A Rose for Emily Essay

The tone, setting, and characters of Franz Kafka’s â€Å"The metamorphosis† can be seen as similar to those aspects in William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily. † In both of these stories, there are two different people who are living their lives very much alike, and they both die all alone. The tone of â€Å"Metamorphosis† is similar to the tone of â€Å"A Rose for Emily. †Gregor and Miss Emily are both isolated and alienated. The narrator says that Gregor has an â€Å"exhausting profession† as a traveling salesman. Gregor rides on a train all of the time for his work. He meets new people, but he has no affection for them. Gregor does not spend a lot of time with his family. The narrator is showing that Gregor is isolated and feels alienated from his family because he is working all the time to support his family. The narrator shows this by the other salesmen that Gregor sees at the â€Å"pension† having breakfast. Gregor states that he would â€Å"like to see what would happen if he were to try that out with his director sometime. † The narrator is implying that Gregor wants to be like the other salesman but he cannot because his boss would not allow it. Gregor always keeps his door locked whether he is traveling or at home. The narrator states, that Gregor uses â€Å"precaution† by â€Å"locking every door at night,† regardless if he is at â€Å"home or traveling. † The narrator says that Gregor’s father gave him a â€Å"truly liberating kick† back into his room and â€Å"Battered shut† the door with his cane. â€Å"Raindrops could be heard plunking against the tin window-ledges made Gregor quite melancholy. † The word â€Å"melancholy† denotes sadness or depression of sprits; gloom. Then when he wakes up as a cockroach, he is locked in his room. Gregor is isolated from his dad, mom, and sister Grete because they locked him in his bedroom at the end of the story. Miss Emily chooses to isolate herself from the townspeople by shutting her door and not let anyone in for long â€Å"periods of time. † She is alienated because her father was so strict about whom she could date, and this affected her as she got older. The narrator states, â€Å"We remember all the young men her father had driven away, and we knew that with nothing left, she would have to cling to that which had robbed her, as people will. † The narrator says, â€Å"And that was the last we saw of Miss Emily for some time. The Negro man went in and out with the market basket, but the front door remained closed. Now and then we would see her at a window for a moment, as the men did that night when they sprinkled the lime, but for almost six months she did not appear on the streets. † The narrator states that the townspeople expected this of Miss Emily by saying, â€Å"Then we knew that this was to be expected too; as if that quality of her father which had thwarted her woman’s life so many times had been too virulent and too furious to die. † The townspeople isolate Miss Emily because she dates Homer Barron, a Yankee who is a day laborer. The narrator says, â€Å"Poor Emily, she carried her head high enough-even when we believed that she was fallen. It was as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of her dignity as the last Grierson; as if it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness. † The narrator is saying that Miss Emily, being of a prominent family, has behavior that is abnormal for southern people, and that she is â€Å"reaffirm her imperviousness. † The denotation of â€Å"imperviousness† is not capable of being affected or disturbed. The narrator is saying that Miss Emily is not affected by what the townspeople think of her. In reality, she is affected by this because she isolates herself from the townspeople. The setting of â€Å"The Metamorphosis† is similar to the setting of â€Å"A Rose for Emily. † Kafka describes the setting in â€Å"The Metamorphosis† as most of the action takes place in Gregor’s bedroom. Gregor lives with his father, mother and sister in a large apartment in the city. From Gregor’s bedroom window he sees a busy street and a hospital across the street. But as the story goes on, his vision gets â€Å"fuzzier,† he might think that he lives in a â€Å"wasteland where the grey sky merges indistinguishably with the grey earth. † The narrator states that Gregor’s bedroom is dirty and dusty. No one goes in and cleans it anymore after the family locks Gregor in his room the last time. Then he dies there in his bedroom all alone. At the end of the story Gregor’s father, mother and sister take a carriage out to the country and the sun is shining brightly. In the story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† the narrator describes the setting taking place at Miss Emily’s â€Å"big, squarish framed house† that sets on a â€Å"select street† in Jefferson. The outside of the house is â€Å"decorated with cupolas, spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies. †There was opening to a cellar where the â€Å"Board of Aldermen;† there are four them, they sprinkle lime to take care of the â€Å"smell of the house† after Miss Emily’s father died. The house is old and run down; for this reason, the narrator calls it is an â€Å"eyesore, among eyesores. † Unlike Gregor, the townspeople gave Miss Emily a funeral, which takes place at her house. The narrator states that the â€Å"funeral on the second day, with the town coming to look at Miss Emily beneath a mass of bought flowers, with the crayon face of her father† a picture she had painted about the bier and â€Å"the ladies sibilant and macabre: and the very old men-some in their brushed Confederate uniforms-on the porch and the law, talking of Miss Emily as if she had been a contemporary of theirs, believing that they had danced with her and courted her perhaps confusing time with it mathematical progression, as the old do to who all the past is not a diminishing road, but instead a hug meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divide from them now by the narrow bottleneck of the most recent decade of years. † The narrator states that there is â€Å"one room upstairs which no one had seen in forty year,† and which would have to be forced open. They waited until Miss Emily was in the ground before opening the room upstairs. This room was like a â₠¬Å"tomb† just like Gregor’s bedroom that he died in. The narrator describes the room as it is filled with â€Å"pervading dust. A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as for a bridal. † Then the narrator says that they found a â€Å"man himself lay in the bed† and â€Å"what was left of him, rotted beneath what, was left of the nightshirt. † Then they â€Å"notice on the second pillow was the indentation of a head† and â€Å"a long strand of iron-gray hair. † The character of Gregor in â€Å"The Metamorphosis† is similar to the character of Miss Emily in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† because they are both isolated, both don’t communicate, and both die alone. The narrator states at the beginning of the story, Gregor is busy working all the time as traveling salesman, to support the family. Because of his work he does not communicate with his family. He is also isolated because; he wakes up as cockroach, He doesn’t speak human language now so he can’t communicate with his family or work. The narrator explains if Gregor â€Å"had been able to speak to his sister and to thank her for everything she had to do for him, he would have found it a little easier to submit to her ministration; but, as it was, he suffered from them. † He is also, isolated because his family keeps driving him back into his room. The narrator illustrates this in the beginning of the story by â€Å"his father was moving forward implacably, emitting hissing sounds like a savage. Gregor had no practice in moving backwards, and he was moving, it had to be said, extremely slowly. If he had been able to turn round, he would have been back in his room in little or no time, but he was afraid lest the delay incurred in turning around would make his father impatient. And at any monument the stick in his father’s hand threatened to strike him a fatal blow to the back of the head. † Miss Emily is isolated likewise, she very seldom goes out of her house, and the townspeople rarely come to visit Miss Emily and she does talk to them at times. The narrator states, â€Å"From that time on her front door remained closed, save for a period of six or seven years, when she was about forty, during which she gave lessons in china painting. Gregor and Miss Emily both die alone. Gregor at the end of the story; comes out of his room for the last time, scares all the people there. Now he feels bad for what he did, and he returns back to his bedroom. He has not eaten for days now and he lays there on the floor and dies all alone. The narrator points this out by saying, â€Å"He remained in this condition of empty and peaceful reflection until the church clock struck three a. m. The last thing he saw was the sky gradually lightening outside his window. Then his head involuntarily dropped, and his final breath passed feebly from his nostrils. † Miss Emily dies alone in alike manner as Gregor did. The narrator indicates this in the beginning of the story and he says, â€Å"The women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old man-servant-a combined gardener and cook-had seen in at least ten years. † Therefore, in the story of â€Å"The Metamorphosis† Kafka demonstrates a sad story of how a man became a cockroach for no known reason. He demonstrations how badly his family treated him after he became a cockroach. Now his family alienated and isolated him by locking him into his room and leaving him to die all alone. Then, they took a trip out to see the county because they did not have the burden of Gregor anymore. This is like they were celebrating his death. How strange is that? In the story of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Faulkner demonstrations a sad story of how a southern woman’s raising by a strict father causes her to be alienated for the rest of her life. He shows this by going back and forth in time with how the townspeople isolated and alienated Miss Emily at different stages of life. Then when she dies all alone, the townspeople are there because they want to look at the room, which had been locked up for about forty years. Faulkner leaves the townspeople with the thought that Miss Emily had been laying in the bed with a corpse and with her irony-gray hair left for them to see. How crazy is that to lay in the bed with a corpse?

Reading Philosophies Essay

Is the student| |Constructivist |and cultural belief can influence the |along with the teacher a book. |responding or actively participating in class | | |learning along with interactions of other |Teacher will give the student a project on a topic|discussions | | |students in the classroom. and then will present it in front of the class |Mind mapping will have the students list and | | |In a classroom that utilizes the theory of |Have the students watch a clip or a movie and then|categorize new concepts | | |constructivism, there would be: |the teacher will conduct a discussion afterwards |Pre-assessments allows the teacher to know what | | |Vigorous participation |Teacher can take the students on a field trip to |the students know and what topics they will need | | | Small group interactions |relate real world experiences to the concepts |to be taught | | |New concepts shown within context |learned in class |Hands on activities assess how the students can | | |Previous knowledge used to create new | |utilize a particular learning tool | | |knowledge | | | |Questions or activities to lead to new | | | | |concepts | | | | |This theory is based on the teacher defines |Teacher can have the students underline a portion |Assessments though individual work. Is the | |Explicit or Direct |and model the concept, guides the students |of the text on an overhead or on the board to |student completing and doing individual | |Instruction |through application, and creates guided |depict whatever topic is being discussed, like |assignments? | | |practice until there is mastery of the |naming the nouns, proper nouns, prepositions, etc. |Assessment through a test or quiz with an essay | | |concept. Ask the students to check the text on the overhead|writing or proje ct report | | |In this model, the classroom will consists |because you need to prove whatever topic is being |An informal assessment through having the | | |of: |discussed |children do â€Å"thumbs up or thumbs down† | | |Direct instruction of phonemic awareness |Ask the students to read a passage to see if it | | | |Decoding skills |sounds right and makes sense, then ask if there | | | |Rules of language |should be any revisions | | | | |Skill based worksheets, flash cards, or game | | | | |relating to the new concept | | Reading Philosophies It is important to know what type of effective teaching strategies you want to have when you step inside the classroom doors. Although there are many different teaching styles, the two most common philosophies are direct/explicit instruction and constructivist. Choosing either method is a matter of preference and what will work best for the teacher and the students. No matter what, the information that is given to the students must be informative and related to their needs as well as their particular grade level. This essay will discuss both approaches and what method I would like to utilize when I become a teacher. â€Å"Teachers can give students ladders that lead to higher understanding, yet the students themselves must climb these ladders† (Slavin, 2009, p. 231) emphasizes the view of a constructivist in which the students are vital roles in their own learning and development. A traditional idea about teaching is comparable to the constructivist method of teaching. This method commonly has the teacher identifying learning objectives, planning learning activities, and creating assessments. However this theory relies on the student’s knowledge and more hands on activities. The teacher’s role is to facilitate personal learning by establishing a community of learners, and by making it clear to the student that he or she is part of the community (Baines & Stanley, 2000). Jean Piaget is well known for generally attributing to the formalization of constructivism. Piaget felt that accommodation and assimilation will help students construct new knowledge from their past experiences. When students assimilate, they will digest their new experience into a pre-existing context without altering the new context. It is also important to know that constructivism is not a specific pedagogy. In short, this theory describes how learning happens, despite of whether students are using their past experiences to comprehend the lesson. In a constructivist classroom, there would be (1) vigorous participation (2) small group discussions (3) concepts introduced within context, and (4) authentic literature, (GCU, 2013). Truthfully, many aspects of constructivism are commendable (Baines & Stanley, 2000). One component of this theory is small group discussions. The next theory is direct or explicit instruction. This model (1) sets the stage for learning (2) teacher provides clear explanation of what to do (3) modeling the process (4) guided practice, and (4) independent practice. Throughout explicit instruction, teachers are responsible for monitoring the students’ needs and providing them a kind of scaffolding that is appropriate throughout their learning process. Modeling is a key component of scaffolded instruction (Truscott & Truscott, 2004). When this strategy is used there will be gradual withdrawal of supportive learning structures to eventually become the sole responsibility of the student (Truscott & Truscott, 2004). This concept has been known to improve learning however it may take a long time for the student to master. However once it is mastered, the student feels a sense of accomplishment and self-sufficient. Explicit instructions make the student responsible as well in a different way that constructivism is administered. Students will know and understand what they are expected to perform by themselves and what goals that they will work towards. In the content of reading, studies have shown that direct teaching of word meanings in a reading passage is more effective than an uninstructed vocabulary learning approach (Sanbul & Schmitt (2010). There is an allowance for student engagement as well. Learning is an active process. Teachers of this model will maintain the classroom with proper behavior; however students should stay actively involved in the lesson in order to have the greatest impact on their learning. While they are being taught, students will be focused on the lesson as well as try to make sense of the new material. I feel that either theory is the not better than the other. I feel that both theories can work together in a classroom if they are balanced out. A study was conducted at the University of Kansas of 83 students who were targeted in the winter of kindergarten as being high risk for reading failure. Interventions were conducted in small groups of one to six students for thirty minute sessions, three times per week, for a two year period (Kamps, Abbot, Greenwood, Wills, Verrkamp, Kaufman, 2008). Reading comprehension is a very complex skill to teach. In this study, the students worked on comprehension strategies including decoding words, phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge and rapid letter naming. As a result, the findings from this study proved that small group instruction improved in critical early literacy skills. Some students even advanced to grade level performance (Kamps, Abbot, Greenwood, Wills, Verrkamp, Kaufman, 2008). I feel this is a great example of both theories placed into one. The teacher was incorporated by working directly with the students; however the students were placed in smaller groups like in the constructivism theory. In my classroom, I would use constructivism to create a print-rich environment with student’s work posted and a time that students are free and able to discuss classroom topics. I would also relate the content that is being taught to a life experience so the students can understand that specific content area. I would also create high levels of interaction with lots of group work. However there will be a time for explicit instruction. I will monitor the students for understanding to make sure that they are deriving meaning from the instruction. I also think it is important that I model the assignment before I give it, especially for kindergarten because their understanding for directions is still very new. All teaching strategies or theories require some form of assessment to make sure the student understands the given concept. Although both theories are quite different, the assessments are the same. The assessments are either formative or summative. Teachers will use formative assessments through class observations of participation, questioning strategies, and peer or self assessment. Through summative strategies, it is usually benchmark exams or state mandated standardized testing. In conclusion, both theories have been proven to be very successful. Researchers agree that teachers need to be adaptive to meet students’ diverse and individual needs (Parsons, Davis, Scales, Williams, Kear, 2010). No one can clearly state which theory works better. I have observed both theories inside classrooms of today and the students were successful in their learning. I feel that whatever works best for you and your students, then just go for it. Bottom line, we need the students to become successful and proper citizens once they graduate so I hope to do my best when I am teaching and use both theories to make it happen. References Baines, L. A. , & Stanley, G. (2000). ‘We Want to See the Teacher. ‘. Phi Delta Kappan, 82(4), 327. Kamps, D. , Abbott, M. , Greenwood, C. , Wills, H. , Veerkamp, M. , & Kaufman, J. (2008). Effects of Small-Group Reading Instruction and Curriculum Differences for Students Most at Risk in Kindergarten. Journal Of Learning Disabilities, 41(2), 101-114. Parsons, S. A. , Davis, S. G. , Scales, R. Q. Williams, B. , & Kear, K. A. (2010). How AND WHY TEACHERS ADAPT THEIR LITERACY INSTRUCTION. College Reading Association Yearbook, (31), 221-236. Slavin, R. E. (2009). Educational Psychology. In R. E. Slavin, Educational Psychology (pp. 30-44). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc. Sonbul, S. , & Schmitt, N. (20 10). Direct teaching of vocabulary after reading: is it worth the effort?. ELT Journal: English Language Teachers Journal, 64(3), 253-260. doi:10. 1093/elt/ccp059 Truscott, D. M. , & Truscott, S. D. (2004). A professional development model for the positive practice of school-based reading consultation. Psychology In The Schools, 41(1), 51-65.

the hebrews essays

the hebrews essays The ancient Middle East and Mesopotamia was largely a multicultural society composed of small, often insignificant kingdoms that were regularly torn between the forces of powerful empires, from Babylon to Egypt to Greece to Rome. One of these small kingdoms through its religion, philosophy, and law became one of the most important cultures in Middle Eastern and Western history. The word Hebrew appears to have been derived from the world Hiberu, which was found in writing sent to Egypt by one of the small states that Egypt had left behind when it withdrew from Canaan in the 1300s BC. These states were distressed by the arrival of nomadic tribes that came in waves across generations. Hiberu meant outsider and probably referred to a great variety of migrants. Beginning as a closely-knit, war-like group of wandering tribes, this culture enjoyed for a short period, one of a histories greatest empires, but it soon fell into a small and feeble state. The Hebrews would surface as one of the most significant culture of the West and Middle East, giving us monotheism, law, and a new history for the west. For the first hundred years the Hebrews wandered and roamed the region of Mesopotamia, Palestine, and northern Egypt. From about 1950 BC to 1500 BC they rambled around the ancient Near East. Around 1500 BC they settled in the fertile land of northern Egypt called Goshen. It was here that these drifting tribes developed a national identity. Around 1200 BC the Hebrews, also called "The children of Israel left Egypt in an event called the Exodus. This historical event was lead by Moses. The Old Testament's Book of Exodus describes an unnamed pharaoh ordering the slaughter of all male Hebrew infants, and it describes a Hebrew woman trying to save her infant son, Moses, by putting him adrift on the Nile in a tiny boat of reeds caulked with tar pitch. Moses was credited with ...

Las Tejanas 300 Years of History essays

Las Tejanas 300 Years of History essays Las Tejanas: 300 Years of History is the story of, in the words of its introduction, women of Spanish-Mexican origin in Texas (xv). Well researched and written by Teresa Palomo Acosta and Ruthe Winegarten, the non-fiction work attempts to fill in the gaps in the literature on Tejanas while capitalizing on recent primary source discoveries. The work offers a comprehensive look on women of Spanish-Mexican origin in all aspects of life from their origins as Natives to recent political advancements of Tejanas in the United States. A fine accomplishment, there is great evidence and detail and no area regarding these women is excluded from the work. While there is little theme to Las Tejanas, as sections are often unrelated, short, and disjointed, the general idea is the advancement of the women of Spanish-Mexican origin from their earliest days to their liberated accomplishments of the present. The authors accomplish this theme offering little analysis or bias and offer little of the ir own commentary in the work. Thus Las Tejanas reads almost as a fact sheet or a non-opinionated textbook, but the excellent level of detail and the scope of coverage make it an admirable work on the subject of Tejanas. It is difficult to summarize a work as broad in scope as Las Tejanas because the work covers nearly every conceivable aspect of these women of Spanish-Mexican origin. It, however, begins with an important introduction that defines the term and the importance of this study. This is critical that in reading this work, one understands the definition of who is being discussed as well as why it is important and where this work stands in relation to other literature on the subject. The authors use the term Tejana to define the woman who is the study of their subject, but there also are some related terms (xvi). In general, it is very clear who the subject is at this is important as is the aim of the boo...

Changing Face of Indian Advertising Mascots

The success of these mascots can be qualified by, the increase in the brand value of these brands consumer connect. Decline of mascot power The Indian market grew at a fast pace in nineties everything from pencils to cars, salt to luxury goods required an advertising campaign this was the time when we saw emergence of celebrity advertising and mascots lost their appeal. We also lived in a time when there was no argument regarding the fact that a celebrity can make or break a brand. The pampering and recognition given to the celebrity in the marketing of the product in some cases was even greater than the product itself. The advertising world, during this time strongly believed that the celebrities transfer their success, personality, status and power to the brand. They attributed reasons for the growth of celebrity endorsements to: †¢ Create great brand awareness for product †¢ Sustaining the brand image †¢ Stimulating and reviving brands †¢ Product association However, the advertising world also realized that many brand ambassadors does not practice what they preach and sometimes controversies and unpleasant incidents connected with the celebrity causes damage. It is also observed that over exposure and multiple endorsements too can damage the image of product. The Indian market which is saturated with celebrity endorsements has seen emergence of the mascots. Emergence of the mascots The courage and optimism that common man of R. K. Laxman portrays and a middle-class Indian, that Chintamani portrays is certainly unmatched but the new age mascots are more attractive, and trendy. The advertisers have become more creative with the use of animation. The new age mascots have a lasting appeal and create a whole new persona for the product. They manage the product as efficiently as a celebrity. Moreover, in the current marketing scenario when the celebrity charisma diminishing away the world of advertising is turning back to mascots. Celebrities get associated with too many products and therefore it is difficult to relate them with one particular brand, which is not the case with the mascots. For an example Shahrukh Khan endorse brands such as Pepsi, Airtel, Santro, Emami , and many more but Fido is just associated with 7Up. The strength of mascots lies in its uniqueness, and its power of effectively communicating the ethos of the brand like, Chintamani solves all our worries related to tax savings and good returns paving a new way for no chinta, Share Khan tell us how to smartly invest in stocks and reap rich dividends, Gattu with the brush in his hand and the smile on his face passes the message that a bright coat of paint will brighten up the house. Moreover the mascots are not as expensive as celebrities. The cost of creating these characters is as low as development of a normal commercial. Lowe Advertising creative director Delna Sethna claims that the first Chintamani ad cost around Rs 7 lakh. Moreover, the animated characters also give more scope for creative-flexibility. Mascots are dynamic and they adapt with changing times. We should acknowledge how the Amul girl in polka dots has changed overtime, and Fido has makeovers with the changing time. The advertising world has also observed that the popularity of any mascot is not only based on the response they get, but also depend on the fact that these faces have a higher recall value. Conclusion The Amul girl was born in 1967 is still a popular mascot. She may soon enter into the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest campaign to survive in the market. This goes on to prove that the mascots are more appropriate brand ambassadors. The impact and success of the mascot, depends on how effectively it conveys the brand values and the ideals that consumers would associate with. Changing Face of Indian Advertising Mascots The success of these mascots can be qualified by, the increase in the brand value of these brands consumer connect. Decline of mascot power The Indian market grew at a fast pace in nineties everything from pencils to cars, salt to luxury goods required an advertising campaign this was the time when we saw emergence of celebrity advertising and mascots lost their appeal. We also lived in a time when there was no argument regarding the fact that a celebrity can make or break a brand. The pampering and recognition given to the celebrity in the marketing of the product in some cases was even greater than the product itself. The advertising world, during this time strongly believed that the celebrities transfer their success, personality, status and power to the brand. They attributed reasons for the growth of celebrity endorsements to: †¢ Create great brand awareness for product †¢ Sustaining the brand image †¢ Stimulating and reviving brands †¢ Product association However, the advertising world also realized that many brand ambassadors does not practice what they preach and sometimes controversies and unpleasant incidents connected with the celebrity causes damage. It is also observed that over exposure and multiple endorsements too can damage the image of product. The Indian market which is saturated with celebrity endorsements has seen emergence of the mascots. Emergence of the mascots The courage and optimism that common man of R. K. Laxman portrays and a middle-class Indian, that Chintamani portrays is certainly unmatched but the new age mascots are more attractive, and trendy. The advertisers have become more creative with the use of animation. The new age mascots have a lasting appeal and create a whole new persona for the product. They manage the product as efficiently as a celebrity. Moreover, in the current marketing scenario when the celebrity charisma diminishing away the world of advertising is turning back to mascots. Celebrities get associated with too many products and therefore it is difficult to relate them with one particular brand, which is not the case with the mascots. For an example Shahrukh Khan endorse brands such as Pepsi, Airtel, Santro, Emami , and many more but Fido is just associated with 7Up. The strength of mascots lies in its uniqueness, and its power of effectively communicating the ethos of the brand like, Chintamani solves all our worries related to tax savings and good returns paving a new way for no chinta, Share Khan tell us how to smartly invest in stocks and reap rich dividends, Gattu with the brush in his hand and the smile on his face passes the message that a bright coat of paint will brighten up the house. Moreover the mascots are not as expensive as celebrities. The cost of creating these characters is as low as development of a normal commercial. Lowe Advertising creative director Delna Sethna claims that the first Chintamani ad cost around Rs 7 lakh. Moreover, the animated characters also give more scope for creative-flexibility. Mascots are dynamic and they adapt with changing times. We should acknowledge how the Amul girl in polka dots has changed overtime, and Fido has makeovers with the changing time. The advertising world has also observed that the popularity of any mascot is not only based on the response they get, but also depend on the fact that these faces have a higher recall value. Conclusion The Amul girl was born in 1967 is still a popular mascot. She may soon enter into the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest campaign to survive in the market. This goes on to prove that the mascots are more appropriate brand ambassadors. The impact and success of the mascot, depends on how effectively it conveys the brand values and the ideals that consumers would associate with.

Plato's Republic, Book VII - The Allegory of the Cave Essay

Plato's Republic, Book VII - The Allegory of the Cave - Essay Example Since the cave represents the world in which we initially live, with the condition of gloom symbolic of human ignorance, as prisoners of ignorant thought or apprehension, we ought to settle such predicament by moving from the state of darkness where only illusions can be made into that of light in order to acquire a clear view of things. Here, Socrates attempts to communicate the essence of education in the significance of correcting the way things are seen where one engages not only with viewing matters of the physical world accurately but also with the point of gaining access to the ‘forms of ideas’ that are independent of the visible world. Cave dwellers are representative of us people who need to climb our way out of the cave in search of light and the quest is conducted on a gradual basis for any event of proper learning is similar to a meticulous quest which cannot be hurried. This brings stages and identity to a cave dweller who is a metaphor of a person who could reserve the option to stay, leave, and return to the cave. (c) Based on your answer in part â€Å"b†, what does Socrates expect you to do as a result of hearing this story? Be sure you defend your interpretation of the allegory of the Cave. Use examples from the text as needed and provide good reasons to support your interpretation. While Socrates illustrates how indispensable education is in living and what entails systematic acquisition of knowledge which so often is tedious and complex, depending upon the influences that surround a person and his comprehension of them, the philosopher in dialogue expects for the audience to respond by taking concrete action. Having been able to come out of the cave of ignorance, one certainly becomes acquainted to the reality as experienced in the actual so that any prior knowledge is translated with exactness. After this is appropriately carried out, I suppose that Socrates expects the educated individual like me to be accountable for ot hers who are still in the dark and convince them to see the light. In particular application to my life, struggling to get along with a group of people for instance likewise embodies my way out of the cave of illusions wherein while I justify my righteousness over certain matters of dispute, I am blind to the truth about the goodness in others, judging them by my

How do the teachings of Buddhism and Christianity match up Where are Research Paper

How do the teachings of Buddhism and Christianity match up Where are they similar and where do they differ - Research Paper Example Buddhism is geographically restricted to Asia only, while Christianity is prevalent throughout the world. This paper would discuss certain similarities and differences found between the two. Similarities and differences There are many notable aspects of Buddhism that are similar to the Catholic faith and its traditions. The Five Moral Precepts of Buddhism, for example, compare closely to the Ten Commandments which have set out law for centuries: for Jews in the time of Moses, then later for disciples of Christ, and even for Christians today. The Five Moral Precepts include the refraining of murder, thievery, sexual misconduct, lying, and the consumption of intoxicants. Similarly, the Ten Commandments call for abstention of killing, stealing, adultery, as well as dishonesty. Although the Ten Commandments consist of more than these immoral actions, these aspects of Christianity and Buddhism were designed based on similar beliefs. The main book of rules or official set of regulations fo r Christianity is the bible, which has two parts, the New Testament and the Old Testament. Christ came to this world when Siddhartha Gotama was 29. He was born into a wealthy family and realized that only wealth could not fulfill his inner being so he started studying religion. At age 80 he died in happiness knowing he had created a new religion that has influenced the world. Buddha as he was named alter in his life took all the true and pure parts of all religions and put them together into a religion that was almost perfect in his eyes. The similarities between these two religions of the world are great. Both the religions are monotheistic and affirm that after death only those people shall gain the eternal salvation of heaven that adhered to the rules or commandments in this world. Both of these religions also praise, or in Buddhism's case, respect their messiah and ask for eternal salvation from their god. Buddhism is based on the beliefs of Buddha who was raised as a rich child who didn't know what pain, sickness, age, and death were until he demanded his father to allow him to exit the palace and view the town. When he went he saw an old man and asked his father what was wrong and only then did Buddha figure out that there are bad things in our world. At the end of his visit he saw a monk with an ancient, calm look upon his face that Buddha soon would have. After this incident his father exposed him to the world in every way and Buddha started studying religion. At first he was just interested in why people needed it but the more he studied it the more attached he became to it. He and his five followers did this in an effort to receive the answer of what is the only way to receive the ability to pass to heaven. After the incident under the tree word spread and through good deeds of other individuals he obtained a temple and many followers some of which were women. At the age of 35 he became a religious leader in Northeast India and for the next 45 years he taught Buddhism. Rites and Rituals In Christian community, Baptism takes place at a young age. Most infants taking place in Baptism are only a few months old. Baptism is all about welcoming a new member to the Christian community and letting them live the way Jesus lived his life. The ceremony of Baptism takes place in 6 parts. The parents and the selected godparents of the child are asked what their intentions are. Prayers are made and a couple

Forming Strategic Alliances with Foreign Companies Research Paper

Forming Strategic Alliances with Foreign Companies - Research Paper Example The domestic company involved does such things because they have the perceptions that entering the world market will increase their sale, it will supplement the capital it needs and that it will fasten the process of adaptation to the environment of the market. The above factors cause a domestic company to respond to its situation by establishing joint ventures that will enhance their business operations in the international markets. Many advantages drive domestic companies to forge strategic alliances that will help them to exploit both the domestic and international markets. Domestic companies perceive a situation in which strategic alliances enhances the entry into the international market. This perception is because the company spends less amount of money to transport products and services as well as to enhance customers to the market. In having a company that is exposed to the international market environment, a domestic company is able to establish customers using those of its partner in the strategic alliance. These customers ensure that the domestic company has footage in the international market and therefore, it increases the changes of increasing its sales (Heidtmann, 2011). Domestic companies forge strategic alliances in order to exploit international market because there is a shared risk in the investment. Sharing of risks in a business venture ensures that one company does not lose it all to the venture that it has entered and therefore, it is able to sustain its operation in the market for a long time. In many instances, the companies that forge strategic alliances invest a lot of money to establish business operation in the international market through advertisement, transports of products and human... Forming Strategic Alliances with Foreign Companies This challenge means that these local companies focus on the alternatives they have so that they can establish their businesses at the world level. In many cases, local companies forge strategic alliances with foreign companies that are already established in the international business so that they can present their products in the global market with ease (Henry, 2008). These local companies have perceptions that the venture into which they enter are beneficial and they will facilitate the individual company to make higher sales than they did with local markets. However, there are many risks that are associated with strategic alliances that companies that forge them need to understand and learn the ways to manage them so that they will not fail in business (Oxley, 2013). An analysis of strategic alliances will exposes the factors that drive domestic companies to desire to forge them as well as show the risks and disadvantages associated with these ventures that may cause the partners to fail. Richter and Pahl (2009) observe that in forging strategic alliances, there are things that drive domestic companies to want to come into partnership. There are numerous perceived incentives that drive partners in strategic alliances to come into a joint venture. However, although there are possible benefits in entering the world market as an alliance; partners need to establish their business operations with a focus on the potential risks that need to be controlled to reduce the probability of failure.

Middleware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Middleware - Essay Example Current business trend require integration such as ERP, SCM and CRM. Business to Business (B2B) communication needs will further accelerate this trend. The need for middleware stems from this increasing growth in the number of applications and in the customizations within those applications. - Platform Transparency - Using interfaces and APIs abstraction features, Middleware provides Platform Transparency. Client and server don't require to have intimate knowledge of each other in order to work together. - RDBMS Support - Data access middleware provides transparency across different data storage formats. It will make different RDBMS look like the same RDBMS by providing multiple RDBMS support from both proprietary and standard APIs. - Advance applications - New enterprise applications harness Middleware technology for Single System Login, Enhanced Security, Location Transparency, Database and Application Oriented Services however they are not very common. - Remote Procedure Call (RPC) - Remote procedure call Middleware extends the procedure call interface familiar to all programmers offering the abstraction of being able to invoke a procedure whose body is across a network. - Distributed Object Middleware (DOM) - DOM suc... Based on the uses they can be categorized in following categories: - Remote Procedure Call (RPC) - Remote procedure call Middleware extends the procedure call interface familiar to all programmers offering the abstraction of being able to invoke a procedure whose body is across a network. - Message-Oriented Middleware (MOM) - Message-Oriented Middleware provides the abstraction of a message queue which is accessible across a network. They are based on SOAP. - Distributed Object Middleware (DOM) - DOM such as DCOM and CORBA gives all the advantage of OOPS such as encapsulation and inheritance. It provides the abstraction of an object that is remote yet whose methods can be invoked just like those of an object in the same address space as the caller. are such examples. - Direct data access (DDA) for accessing databases directly as opposed to going through an application to get the information. Middleware offers many technical benefits. Current enterprise applications involve multiple applications interacting with same application. Instead of providing different APIs for different client application, we can put a Middleware with single set of APIs for each application. This can significantly simplify the communication. Also the Middleware can be used for handle different services such as checking the data for integrity, reconciling the data with other applications, data splitting and formatting so that we don't have to rewrite those services again and again for different applications. Middleware may have the capability to hold this data for a while so that it can be served to other applications which need it. Thus, it can introduce a type of persistency in the system. However there are some limitations of the

Organic electronic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organic electronic - Essay Example Traditional electronics, involving the use of inorganic conductors, including copper and silicon, presents a use of materials that are heavier and more expensive than conductive polymers and organic semiconductors include dielectrics, conductors and light emitters that have many and varied applications in the field of electronics (Sun, 2008, Chapter 5) and (Wikipedia, 2010, â€Å"Organic Electronics†). Already, organic electronics based displays using organic light emitting diodes have found their way into car radios, etc., with rapid improvements expected in organic field effect transistors. According to published reports, the market for organic materials will be worth US$ 4.9 billion on 2012, and this will surge to US$15.8 billion in the year 2015 (Allen, 2008, Pp. 6). The previously mentioned author states that new kinds of semiconductor materials, including rubrene, hybrid materials and formulations made of carbon nanotubes will continue to spur the market to grow to US$4.9 billion by the year 2015, with the organic electronic substrate business growing to US$ 6.9 billion. According to NanoMarkets (2007, "Organic Harvest: Opportunities in Organic Electronic Materials"), eighty percent of organic electronic materials will be sold into the RFID, display backplanes and Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) lighting and displays applications. However, according to the previously mentioned report, if organic electronics is to continue on the road to success, it will have to emulate the traditional semiconductor industry and invent an organic version of CMOS with its own sta ble material sets. Thus, firms specialising in materials for electronics and organic electronic materials must offer commercial quantities of n-type semiconductors and organic dielectrics. In addition, the previously mentioned report suggests that for

The importance of HBCUs in the modern world Research Paper

The importance of HBCUs in the modern world - Research Paper Example Equality was often the cry. Nowadays, when people think they have achieved the desires of their old folks, social issues such as discrimination or racism are seriously examined on every corner of the world. With the acceptance of the merging of different races towards a global goal, it is being considered if racism has indeed been eradicated or if there is still the scars of racism that show that in the modern world, racism still exists. One of the things being closely examined in relation to this issue is the existence of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCU) in a world wherein such racist impositions are greatly criticized. In this paper, it will be studied if the HBCUs are still relevant or if they should be dissolved just as slavery has been dissolved in order to get rid not only of the pains of racism but also its memories and scars. In order to consider well the different angles of the HBCUs, it is important to learn about the history of the colleges and universit ies. According to the title III of the Higher Education Act of 1965, an HBCU is a school of higher learning whose principal mission was and is the education of African Americans accredited and established before 1964 (thurgoodmarshallfund.net). The Higher Education Center on the other hand specifically mentions that it is any historically black college or university (higheredcenter.org) and continues with the definition mentioned earlier. The first HBCU was established in 1837, twenty six years before the end of slavery (Coleman), in Pennsylvania and named Cheney University. The school catered to African Americans who have just earned their freedom from their slavery, who wanted to earn an education which they believed would grant them better lives. It was birthed by a Quaker who was also known to be a philanthropist, who yearned to educate and train free Blacks to become teachers (Coleman). For years, HBCUs stood for the educational rights of African American citizens and provided them with quality education that helped them actively participate in their communities. Among them are Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University organized in 1875 through the efforts of a former slave, William Hooper Council; Bowie State University which boasts of its dedication to the advancement of knowledge through teaching, research and service; and Lincoln University, known as the oldest historically black university founded in 1854 (thurgoodmarshallfund.net). The Historically Black Colleges and Universities boast of quality education that made way for a lot of African Americans and other cultures alike to succeed in the educational arena not only for undergraduates but also for graduate studies. It is claimed that nine out of ten of those who earn doctoral degrees are from HBCUs. Moreover, the HBCUs also boast about the high percentage of practicing professionals to be their graduates and African American Medical school applicants from HBCUs to have outnumbered the applic ants from Johns Hopkins, Harvard and the University of Maryland, combined (thinkhbcu.org). Among others that make HBCUs proud about their achievements are the significant number of their African American degree holders and doctorate degrees awarded for communications. HBCUs also boast that they are excellent institutions falling in line with the top ten colleges and universities for African American, even placing in the top six

Organic electronic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organic electronic - Essay Example Traditional electronics, involving the use of inorganic conductors, including copper and silicon, presents a use of materials that are heavier and more expensive than conductive polymers and organic semiconductors include dielectrics, conductors and light emitters that have many and varied applications in the field of electronics (Sun, 2008, Chapter 5) and (Wikipedia, 2010, â€Å"Organic Electronics†). Already, organic electronics based displays using organic light emitting diodes have found their way into car radios, etc., with rapid improvements expected in organic field effect transistors. According to published reports, the market for organic materials will be worth US$ 4.9 billion on 2012, and this will surge to US$15.8 billion in the year 2015 (Allen, 2008, Pp. 6). The previously mentioned author states that new kinds of semiconductor materials, including rubrene, hybrid materials and formulations made of carbon nanotubes will continue to spur the market to grow to US$4.9 billion by the year 2015, with the organic electronic substrate business growing to US$ 6.9 billion. According to NanoMarkets (2007, "Organic Harvest: Opportunities in Organic Electronic Materials"), eighty percent of organic electronic materials will be sold into the RFID, display backplanes and Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) lighting and displays applications. However, according to the previously mentioned report, if organic electronics is to continue on the road to success, it will have to emulate the traditional semiconductor industry and invent an organic version of CMOS with its own sta ble material sets. Thus, firms specialising in materials for electronics and organic electronic materials must offer commercial quantities of n-type semiconductors and organic dielectrics. In addition, the previously mentioned report suggests that for

Women in World War Two Essay Example for Free

Women in World War Two Essay After reading on these eight women I have chosen to do my compare and contrast from this Library of Congress Exhibition of Women in World War II story which was detailed with photography to tell their stories; for others to not only read their story, but to experience it through visual documentation. These three women, Toni Frissell, Esther Bubley and Therese Bonney were able to connect with millions of people through their images that they documented. From Toni Frissell’s pictures you were able to see how a nurse performed her duties, the actions of soldiers on the front lines, children who were made instant orphans as a result of war and the daily struggles of African-Americans and Women in the war. Esther Bubbley’s pictures were centered on life back home around people doing their part for the war effort, life in the nation’s capital. Therese Bonney’s pictures were really felt with her touching on how the damage of war affected innocent adults and children who were left homeless and struggle to find food and shelter. Therese Bonney’s mission was to tell truth of what she say through her words and pictures, with the hope that it would make others see the reality of war from a personal point of view. She had felt that World War II was a threat to European Civilization and this was her way to show the depth behind her words. On the other hand Esther Bubbley thought it more prudent to focus on the American side and show how the nation prepared for war, show casing civilians working with our military to achieve the common goal of winning the war and more importantly supporting the troops. Toni Frissel, who already had a career of reporting on fashion and society, had decided to take on a much bigger challenge of trying to report on real wartime issues to give the surreal of war to the readers back home. Any way you look at it, these three woman gave their readers a very detailed and well documented view on life and events during the second World War. References: http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/wcf/ Women Come to the Front

The Nmc Code Of Conduct Nursing Essay

The Nmc Code Of Conduct Nursing Essay Nursing is a profession regulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2008). The NMC is an organisation set up by the Parliament to protect the public by ensuring that nurses and midwives provide high standards of care to their patients. These healthcare professionals are also accountable for their own actions. The body sets standards for education, practice and conduct as well as providing advice for nurses and midwives. The NMC also considers allegations of misconduct or unfitness to practice. Using the case study given, it shall be the authors aim to demonstrate the understanding of the NMC Code of Conduct suggesting ways in which it can be applied to practice. In order to comply with the NMC Code of Conduct of confidentiality, the patient to be discussed in this assignment will be referred to as Mrs X. Furthermore the author will explore the four main principles of the code relating them to issues arising out of the case study. The author will also demonstrate the understan ding of ethical issues arising, analysing and discussing autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence and justice. The case study refers to an 80 year old woman with a hip fracture, admitted to a hospital ward from a nursing home and urgently added to the operation list. She is bedridden, with severe heart problem and in early stages of Alzheimers disease and appeared to be coherent and lucid as recorded. She agreed to have a hip replacement operation after the consultant explained the procedure. On her way to theatre, she changes her mind and the consultant was informed. The consultant insists on proceeding, citing a busy week ahead and commenting that these elderly confused patients dont know their own mind. According to the NMC Code of Conduct, a healthcare professional has a duty to care and protect the interest of those in their care regardless of age, gender, culture, religious and political beliefs. Mrs X is 80 years old but the professionals still have a duty of care and must protect her interests. An interview was carried out by the medical staff and the patient appeared coherent and lucid but Mrs X has changed her mind on route to theatre. This author will critically examine the procedures that followed. The consultant explained the procedure to the patient who agreed to have the operation. Thompson et al (1994) stated that communication is one of the fundamental aspects in nursing The consultant was informed of the patients decision to change her mind on the operation and responds stating that We will have to proceed. As a nurse one could argue that the consultant should respect this decision as going against it would be breaching the NMC code. Mrs Xs decision to change her mind on the way to theatre, not wanting to go ahead with the operation should be respected. Hope et al (2008) stated that a patients autonomy can result in conflict, raise ethical dilemmas and may not be straight forward. Autonomy is defined as the right to choose or refuse treatment .Beauchamp and Childress (2009). The consultant could also argue that he is working in the best interest of the patient but does this override the patients right to make her own decision? Beauchamp and Childress (2009) stated that individuals views and rights must be respected as long as these individuals thoughts and action do not cause harm to other people. The NMC makes a point of highlighting the point of advocating for patients. In this instance, the nurse faces the ethical dilemma of standing up to the consultant and advocating for the patien t in order to uphold the code. Thompson (2003, cited in Buka, 2008) suggests that ethics is a study of how people behave, what they do, the reasons they give for their actions and the justification behind their decision. The need to maintain professional boundaries as well means that nurses have to raise their points in a manner that does not destabilise the team. Each and every member of the healthcare team must act as the patients advocate and remind or challenge colleagues should they fail to practice according to standards, Hindle and Coates (2011). If any medical team members working with the consultant on Mrs Xs case are not in agreement with his decision to proceed, they should challenge or remind him of the ethical code stipulating that the patients decision must be respected. When healthcare professionals are faced with dilemmas, patients should always come first. Childs et al (2009) states that when considering our actions we are bound by NMC codes, standards and guideline s, for students guidelines set by their training institution by local standards and guidelines within the clinical practice area and by the law of the country. It is unprofessional and unlawful to force treatment on anyone. Although the consultant explained the procedure, one could argue that making information available is different from effective communication. Consent was given the first time but the patient later changed her mind. An exploration for her reason to change her mind should have taken place and at least inform the patient that the operation was going ahead and the reasons for going ahead. The wording used by the consultant could be a concern. We will have to proceed. We have a very busy week ahead; these elderly confused patients dont know their own mind. Carry on as usual. One could interpret that the consultant is suggesting that when people get old, they automatically become confused; which could be stereotyping amounting to discrimination which is against the law. This could be taken to suggest that the consultant is of the assumption that the elderly are confused and dont know whats good for themselves and so should have decisions made for them. Patients are supposed to be treated with dignity, respect and as individuals considering their physical, psychological and social care with decisions made in partnership with clinicians, rather than by clinicians alone according to DOH (2010). Hendnrick (2004) defines consent as the permission given by patient voluntarily, without pressure, force or manipulation or undue influence. The NMC emphasises that healthcare professionals must seek consent from their patients otherwise they might be liable to be charged with assault or battery. The consent could either be in writing or verbal. In the event of a law suit, such documents and discussions can then be used in courts of law. Although Mrs X had given consent for the operation to proceed, health professionals should respect the withdrawal of consent. Proceeding with the planned operation against Mrs Xs wish amounts to violation of her rights and the nurse has a duty to highlight this aspect. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) was established to empower and to protect vulnerable people in making their own decisions. In particular, this was to safeguard those who lack capacity and those who have difficulties in making decisions because of illness, disability and those with mental health problems. The mental capacity act has four main principles of capacity: A person must be assumed to have capacity unless it is proved otherwise. Mrs X should be deemed to have capacity as she was interviewed and appeared coherent and lucid. Any act or decision taken on behalf of someone lacking capacity must be in the persons best interest. The consultant could argue he was working in the best interest of the patient. In the event that Mrs X lacks capacity, an advocate could be appointed to act on her behalf. An unwise decision is not to be taken as a lack of capacity. Even though Mrs X changed her mind and appears to have made an unwise decision, this should not be seen as lack of capacity. Until all practicable steps have been taken to help someone make a decision without success, they cannot be treated as lacking capacity. The consultant did not exhaust all efforts to help Mrs X in her decision making as no interaction took place after she changed her mind. The consultant took it upon himself to make the decision and dismissed Mrs X as an elderly confused patient who does not know her mind. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) has a test for capacity which states that a person lacks capacity if at the material time he is unable to make a decision for himself in relation to the matter because of an impairment of or a disturbance in the functioning of, the mind or brain. It does not matter whether the impairment or disturbance is temporal or permanent (Brammer, 2007). A person is unable to make a decision for himself if he is unable to understand the information relevant to the decision, to retain the information, to use or to weigh up that information as part of the process of making the decision, or to continue the decision (Brammer 2007). Section 3 of the act states that if the patient can retain information relevant to the decision for a short time only, this does not necessarily mean she cannot make a decision. When Mrs X changed her mind the consultant should have respected this decision because she was capable of retaining information for a while, had thought it through and decided she did not want to proceed. The Mental Health Act (1983) covers the reception, care and treatment of mentally disordered persons, the management of their property and other related matters. The act empowers authorities to detain those diagnosed with a mental disorder in hospital or police custody and have their disorder assessed or treated against their wishes, known as sectioning. Mrs X was diagnosed as having early signs of Alzheimers disease. This disease is a form of dementia, a neurologic disease characterized by loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with normal activities of daily living. It usually occurs in old age, and is marked by a decline in cognitive functions such as remembering, reasoning, and planning. As Alzheimers disease is a progressive illness with no recovery, it is not applicable to use the Mental Health Act (1983) because whether or not treatment is given for the disease, this will not improve the decision making capacity of Mrs X. The General Medical Council clearly stipulates that healthcare professionals ought not to discriminate but should treat those in their care fairly based on their needs. The consultant is going against the GMCs code of conduct when he ignores the patients wish to discontinue with the operation. The GMC emphasises that patients have the right to change their minds on decisions.(ref) Nurses are required by the NMC Code of Conduct to express compassionate attitudes in their careers (Byrne and Byrne 1992). Nurses act as advocates for patients and as such can be described as special and unique to other health care professionals as they spend more time with the patients (Norman and Ryrie 2004). They are expected to develop a nurse-patient relationship which must be kept professional. It is also a nurses duty in accordance with NMC to educate the patient. Mrs X should have been educated and made aware of the advantages and disadvantages of the operation. The principle of non-maleficence is one which seeks to avoid intentional harm. Mrs X does not wish to undergo the procedure so to agree with her wish would be harmful although proceeding may harm any existing relationship between the healthcare professionals and the patient. What then happens if for instance the procedure does not go according to plan? Operations to correct hip fractures in the elderly are common and to abstain from conducting them would result in a lot of pain and discomfort not to mention the immobility issue. It is common knowledge that bedridden elderly patients if not moved regularly will develop pressure sores (Onslow 2005). The principle that requires action which benefits the patient is known as beneficence. To effect such an action sometimes medical professionals have to ignore the wishes of the patient if they can prove the patients incapacity to consent. While respecting the right of Mrs Xs treatment refusal, capacity test should be done to find out if she is capable of making her own decision. If Mrs X lacks capacity, then the medical staff should seek consent from the relatives or Independent advocates (Tingle and Cribb,. 2008). The ethical difficulties are compounded by such cases as the Canadian case of Malette v Schumann. The claimant came to hospital after being involved in a road accident. The doctor went ahead to perform blood transfusion despite the nurse having found a card in her pocket stating that she was a Jehovahs Witness and never to be given a blood transfusion. Later, on recovering the claimant won $20,000 of damages (Tingle and Cribb, 2008). The doctor was charged with battery. Mrs Xs wish not to proceed with the operation may be well founded and give grounds to litigation. The outcome of the operation also plays a major part in determining whether the decision to go ahead and operate is a good one or not. On tacking this assignment l learnt that establishing the patients consent is very vital for any action to be justifiable carried out. The consultant did manage to convince Mrs X to agree to undergo the procedure after talking her through it. He unfortunately could not accept her change of mind sighting her age as the problem. I felt that Mrs X hadnt been given enough time to ponder the idea of undergoing the procedure. She has been admitted to the hospital ward and urgently added to the list. I thought because she was in pain, she was not thinking straight and was pressured into giving consent. Looking back l now feel the consultant wanted the hip fracture operation to proceed as soon as possible as this would in turn ensure speed recovery. Looking at her age, I would like to think that the sooner she got operated on the quicker the recovery. He had the patients interest at heart. At the time l felt team work and better communication would have brought about better decision. The team members should have objected or aired their feelings against the consultants wish to proceed without consent. The positive was that if Mrs X was operated on, the pain would easy and she would then be mobile, which would be good for her heart. Taking the age issue into perspective the sooner she underwent the procedure the sooner she was expected to heal. The negative was that if anything went wrong, bearing in mind Mrs X had severe heart problem, the whole team would be in trouble. When Mrs X changed her mind about undergoing the procedure the issue should have been addressed properly since consent is fundamental in a patients care. A meeting between the medical care professionals to look into the reason of change of plan, if need be, a mental capacity test taken as is warranted under the Medical Health Capacity Act. In nursing the interests of the patients always come first. I think communication is vital in nursing. Communication is very important when dealing with patients in nursing. The consultant did not act as a professional when Mrs X changed her mind that she is not ready for the hip operation. I was not comfortable with his response as it sounded harsh, commanding and unprofessional when he was informed of Mrs X decision I have learnt that team is important in nursing and healthcare professionals should always respect the rights of their patients and consent is at the centre of every action. The author has explored the professional, legal and ethical implications of the case study provided. It has been identified that although the NMC provides guidance and regulates the nursing profession, the onus is on the practitioner to make decisions based on the guidelines. Although the nurses and doctors may be working together, it has also been noted the two professions are governed by two different bodies and therefore have different codes of ethics although some of the codes could be similar. The NMC code of conduct is often updated as the code sometimes conflicts with other policies and procedures from employment and the law. Nurses should ensure they are up to date with any changes and guidelines within this body (Beech 2007). Because of the trust accorded nurses by society (gained through recognition of nurses expertise) and the right given the profession to regulate practice (professional autonomy) individual clinicians and the profession must be both responsible and accoun table Hitchcock et al (2003). The basic ethical principles of beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice and autonomy which are among the ethical principles that influence decisions in health care ethics have been explored and applied to the case study. The Mental Capacity Act (2005) has also been discussed and identified as the main legal instrument relating to this case study. It is crucial that nurses understand how the law influences nursing practice, particularly in relation to anticipating lack of capacity Hindle and Coates (2011).

Computers in Drug Research and Development :: Essays Papers

Computers in Drug Research and Development As the computer becomes more and more powerful, its uses and abilities grow. Scientists have been able to harness this power in to assist them in their goals of researching and developing drugs for human use. Computers can be found in nearly every drug research laboratory and development center in the world. In the process of developing a drug, thousands upon thousands of chemical compounds are tested to be used in laboratory tests and animal tests. Generally, over 5000 compounds are chosen for such testing. Of 5000 chosen compounds, around five will be acceptable for use on humans in testing. Computers play a huge role in the testing and narrowing down of such chemical compounds used in drugs. Models of chemicals and reactions can be computer simulated to rule out compounds that would not be acceptable. Using computers in such a way greatly reduces the time spent on lengthy animal testing, and also ensures that the drugs that do pass will be safe for human testing. Home computers are now being used to aid scientists in drug research as well. One web site, www.FightAidsAtHome.org offers a downloadable program that uses your home computers idle processes to perform complex computations that aid in AIDS drug research. The results are automatically sent back to the researchers who use them in their developmental process. Such a program would have been insignificant ten years ago, when very few people owned computers powerful enough to perform the operations needed by researchers today. However, because the internet is so widespread and because home computers are becoming so powerful, such a program works and works well. One specific use of computers in drug development is a program developed by Art Olson called AutoDock. This program is used to simulate the interactions of proteins in molecules as they meet. Because of the extreme power of today’s computers, the program creates extremely accurate results, even though there are thousands of factors that determine the final result. Using these simulations, scientists are able to more easily understand how two different molecules will interact, which helps greatly in the drug development process. Many programs similar to AutoDock are used by scientists. Each of these programs are used to determine the outcomes of specific interactions between molecules, chemical compounds and other biological and chemical interactions.

Basic Transistor Physics Essay -- physics electronics transistor

The first transistor was demonstrated on Dec. 23, 1947, at Bell Labs by William Shockley. This new invention consisting of P type and N type semiconductive materials (in this case germanium) has completely revolutionized electronics. Transistors quickly replaced vacuum tubes in almost all applications (most notably those in discrete logic). Today when we think of transistors the first thing that comes to mind is computers. Advances in transistor technology and manufacturing processes as well as new materials being used for the semiconductor matrix and wiring have led to smaller, faster, cheaper, lower power transistors. Some of the basic principles behind semiconductor behavior and the restrictions currently faced by modern transistors will be discussed in the following pages. Transistors are composed of a P type (positively doped) and N type (negatively doped) semiconductor material. These P-N junctions are the heart of both BJTs (Bipolar Junction Transistors) and FETs (Field Effect Transistors). BJTs have a physical connection between they current controlling input (base) and the input and output (collector and emitter). This results in a trickle current into the base. FETs have a physical separation between the control (gate) and the input and output (drain and source). BJT and FET transistors are used in virtually every electronic device requiring current regulation or amplification. They make it very easy to precisely control power to a device reliably and with much greater efficiency than other methods. Another common use of transistors is their role in discrete logic. First used in DTL (Diode Transistor Logic) transistors compact nature and high switching speeds lend themselves well to use in logic ICs. In ... ...er clock speed operation than the G4 processor and will include all the latest fabrication developments when released. Processor core voltage for this chip will be as low as 1.2v allowing a higher transistor count with very low power dissipation. Pentium 4 core voltage is in the range of 1.55v. Smaller, faster, cheaper...transistors aren't quite as boring as you thought huh? Bibliography 1. IBM Copper Technoglogy http://www.chips.ibm.com/ 2. AMD http://www.amd.com/ 3. Intel Semiconductor Technology http://www.intel.com/ 4. Motorola PowerPC Division http://www.motorola.com/ 5. Transistor History 101 http://users.arczip.com/rmcgarra1/xstrhist.html 6. Britney's Guide to Semiconductor Physics http://britneyspears.ac/lasers.htm 7. The Mac Address http://www.themacaddress.com/ 8. Electromigration http://www.ifw-dresden.de/ifs/31/gfa/em_e.htm

Michael Jackson : 30th Anniversary Special and Product Design

Republic of the Philippines TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES Office of the Vice President for Academic Affairs Industrial Relations and Job Placement Ayala Boulevard, Ermita, Manila NARRATIVE REPORT ON SIT PROGRAM Product Design and Development Technology (PDDT) Work Stations: Product Design and Development Center of the Philippines (PDDCP) – CCP Complex Christmas Decor Producers and Exporters Association of the Philippines (CDPEAP) – CITEM Compound Chamber of Furniture Industry of the Philippines – Cebu (CFIP-Cebu) – ManilaFAME 2013 at SMX Convension CenterFrom November 12, 2012 to March 25, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction II. Jobs Performed in the Company a. TINUKIB – Iloilo Showroom and Souvenir Shop i. Modular Designs for Shelving ii. Space Planning iii. 3D Rendering using â€Å"Google SketchUp† and â€Å"Vray† iv. Floor Plan (autoCAD) v. Working Drawings of displays (autoCAD) b. TINUKIB – Iloilo Cafe i. 3D Rendering using â€Å"Google SketchUp† and â€Å"Vray† c. Technology Updating Workshop i. Bleaching and Dyeing of Fibers ii. Palm Frond Making iii. Hand papermaking iv. Papier Mache’ v. Finishing for Furniture vi. Finishing for Gifts and House Wares ii. Finishing for Paper and Paper Products viii. Lamination of Palm Husk and Seed d. Design Talks i. Rey Soliven – ii. Sionil Jose – National Artist for Literature e. Lectures i. Benjamin – Trends and Forecast Sources ii. Rowe Requejo – Full Sizing and Furniture Aesthetics iii. Ben Bacamante – Creative Thinking f. CDPEAP Christmas Decor Designs g. CDPEAP-PDDCP-DTI Source Book in Indigenous Materials – New Design Team with Mr. Robert Alejandro of Papelmeroti i. Product Design ii. Product Development iii. Product Design Expansion iv. Book Layout v. Layout Cover vi. Prototype Supervising ii. Product Photo-shoot h. Ikenobo-Ikebana Society of Manila 30th Anniversary Celebration à ¢â‚¬â€œ Organizer with Dr. Romeo Balderama Jr. from CDPEAP i. Event Wall ii. Event poster for Shangri-La Plaza iii. Sarilikha Leaflets iv. Abaca Atelier Association Leaflets v. Anniversary Book Design vi. After Party Invitations i. Vina Domingo-Roy Exibit i. Opening Committee j. Manila FAME – PDDCP Booths and PDDCP Employees, – Next One Now with CFIP-Cebu, Leslie Mejares, Rey Soliven and Joey Yupangco – OTOP with Joanna Raymundo, Ryan Tresvalles and Jinggoy Buensuceso i. The OTOP Marketplace (Ingress) i. The OTOP Marketplace – Visual Merchandising Team iii. Next One Now Design Awards CFIP-Cebu – Assistant Judge for Lesti iv. PDDCP Information Booth v. PDDCP Booth – Color Trends 2013 vi. The OTOP Marketplace (Egress) III. Experiences a. Knowledge i. Applied from School ii. Learned from Training b. Skills i. Applied ii. Developed c. Values i. Learned ii. Applied d. Human Relationships i. Observed ii. Applied IV. Problems a. School b. Company V . Suggestions and Recommendations VI. Requirements a. Daily Work Activities b. Time Records c. Evaluation Sheet d. Certificate